The Quran is the ultimate source of wisdom for humanity, and learning Tafsir is crucial to decoding the true meaning of the verses. There are different ways to understand the Tafsir: through the Quranic references, through Sunnah, through the Arabic interpretation of Language, and through scholars. Thus, to follow Allah SWT’s commands, we must read and understand the Quranic verses. Here we will discuss how to learn Quran Tafseer in detail.
What is The Tafsir of the Quran?
Tafsir is an Arabic term that means interpretation or exegesis, referring to the process of decoding the meanings of Quranic verses and providing a comprehensive summary of their content. This practice aims to achieve a correct understanding of the Quran, incorporating elements of Arabic syntax, grammar, literature, and various Quranic sciences.
It is important to recognize that studying Tafsir is a complex endeavor that requires more than just a basic comprehension of Islam. Such interpretations are typically undertaken by individuals with a deep understanding of the faith, as well as a strong foundation in Islamic history.
How to Learn Tafsir?
For those eager to embark on the noble journey of Quran Tafsir, a structured pathway awaits. This path is thoughtfully organized, beginning with the most authentic and trustworthy sources and gradually transitioning to those that hold less reliability, thus ensuring a comprehensive and structured study of the holy text.
1. Learn Tafsir Through Quran
The practice of interpreting Quranic verses through the Quran itself stands as the most revered and significant methodology among scholars and believers alike. This comprehensive approach, known as “Tafseer bil-Ma’thoor,” emphasizes elucidating one verse by referencing others, creating a link of meaning woven directly from the divine text.
Consider the profound question of Allah’s forgiveness regarding the biggest sin of polytheism. The Quran addresses this pivotal concern in Surah An-Nisa, verse 48, where it states:
“Surely Allah does not forgive that a partner is ascribed to Him, although He forgives any other sins for whomever He wills. He who associates anyone with Allah in His divinity has indeed forged a mighty lie and committed a grave sin.”
This powerful verse serves not only as a warning but also as a clear guideline about the severity of polytheism in Allah’s sight and His unparalleled mercy for other sins.
Consequently, when individuals seek to grasp the intricacies of Tafsir and the intended meanings behind specific verses, it is imperative that they first turn to the Quran for insights. This self-referential method ensures that the interpretations align closely with Divine wisdom, as Allah SWT, being the ultimate source of knowledge, understands the intentions behind His revelations better than anyone else.
2. Learn Tafsir Through Sunnah
The Sunnah serves as an essential method for deepening one’s understanding of the Tafseer, or interpretation, of the Quran. It encompasses the traditions and practices of Allah’s Messenger, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), which collectively form a significant secondary source of guidance for Muslims, following the Quran itself. Those who embark on the journey of studying Tafseer often look to the sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet (PBUH) as valuable insights that illuminate the meanings behind Quranic verses. By examining these authentic Hadiths, learners can gain a richer, contextual understanding of the Quran’s teachings, as the Sunnah provides practical examples of how to apply these divine instructions in daily life.
In the Quran, for instance, Allah says:
“…and eat and drink until the white thread of the dawn becomes distinct from the black thread; then complete the fast up to the night…” (Al-Baqarah: 187)
For this verse, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) provided the following explanation: Narrated by Adi bin Hatim:
‘I said, “O Allah’s Messenger (PBUH)! What is the meaning of the white thread distinct from the black thread? Are these two threads?” He said, “You are not intelligent if you watch the two threads.” He then added, “No, it is the darkness of the night and the whiteness of the day. “Sahih Al-Bukhari“
Thus, anyone seeking to gain Tafsir of the Quran should go to Sunnah, such as the Messenger’s Companions (RA), who used to ask him questions about the Quran for clarification and received outstanding responses.
3. Learn Tafsir Through Aathaar
One effective method for learning Tafsir (interpretation of the Quran) is by studying the Aathaar, or sayings, of the Companions (RAA) of the Prophet (PBUH). Many of these individuals spent their lives with the Prophet and had a deeper understanding of the Quran than others. Their insights were shaped by their knowledge of the circumstances surrounding the revelation of the verses, their genuine understanding, and their righteous actions.
The Companions were guided to seek clarification first from the Quran itself and then from the teachings of the Prophet (PBUH). When they encountered a verse whose meaning was unclear, they would draw upon their understanding of the context and circumstances to develop an interpretation. Therefore, exploring the sayings of the Companions provides an additional valuable approach to studying Tafsir (RAA).
4. Learn Tafsir Through Language
Another approach for individuals seeking to learn Quran Tafsir is through language study. However, it’s important to remember that a literal interpretation in one language may not fully capture the true meaning of a verse.
Following the death of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), many significant events took place during the era of his Companions (RAA) and successors. During this time, the Arabic language underwent many changes, and the lexicon began to lose its original meanings due to the incorporation of foreign terms. This period highlighted the need for explanations of the Quran’s literal and grammatical meanings.
As a result of these natural changes in the language, different opinions began to emerge.
5. Learn Tafseer Through Opinion
When interpreting the Quran, it is essential to base one’s understanding on four established approaches. Any opinion-based interpretation must be conducted with caution and should not contradict these foundational methods. It is important to avoid interpretations grounded in scientific, philosophical, or sectarian viewpoints, as these are deemed inappropriate.
The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is reported to have stated, “If anyone interprets the Book of Allah in the light of his opinion, even if he is right, he has erred” (Sunan Abi-Dawud). This underlines the importance of following a structured methodology in Quranic Tafseer.
Therefore, those interested in studying Quranic Tafsir should prioritize these established approaches and only resort to personal interpretations after thoroughly exploring the four traditional methods. Additionally, a solid background in knowledge and research is crucial to ensure accurate understanding and interpretation.
Conclusion
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